طراحی مدل جامع عملکرد با رویکرد چندسطحی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی ( با رویکردهای کمی)

نویسنده

عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه امام صادق(ع)

چکیده

در نظریه‌پردازی متعارف، عملکرد به عنوان یک پدیده‌ خُرد یا کلان مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است در حالیکه عملکرد ماهیتاً پدیده‌ای چندسطحی می‌باشد و رویکرد متعارف قادر نیست به‌درستی آن را تحلیل نماید چرا که با تمرکز بر یک سطح از تحلیل، دچار ساده‌انگاری شده و تأثیر و تأثر پدیده در سطوح مختلف تحلیل، نادیده گرفته می‌شود.  رویکرد نظریه‌پردازی چندسطحی می‌تواند پدیده‌های چندسطحی را به‌درستی تحلیل نموده و شکاف میان سطح خرد- کلان را در تئوری‌ و عمل کم یا حذف نماید. علیرغم اهمیت فراوان مدیریت عملکرد در سازمان‌ها، مدل جامعی وجود ندارد که بتواند مفهوم عملکرد و متغیرهای شکل دهنده آن و همچنین روابط میان آنها را در سطوح سه‌گانه به صورت یکپارچه نشان دهد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی مدل جامع عملکرد سازمان با استفاده از روش شناسی نظریه‌پردازی چندسطحی انجام شده است. این پژوهش از نظر هدف از نوع مطالعات توسعه‌ای به شمار می‌رود که با استراتژی اکتشافی و به روش کیفی انجام پذیرفته است. پس از مطالعه بیش از هزار متن علمی اعم از کتاب و مقاله، ابتدا مدل‌های عملکردی تک‌سطحی در سطح فردی، تیمی و سازمانی طراحی شده است. سپس مدل‌های میان‌سطحی و در پایان مدل جامع عملکرد سازمان با رویکرد چندسطحی ارائه شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Developing Comprehensive Model of Performance using Multilevel Approach

نویسنده [English]

  • asadollah ganjali
assisstant
چکیده [English]

Performance is a multilevel phenomena and conventional theorizing approach, which studies performance in micro or macro level, can not analyzes this phenomena since it can not consider top-down and bottom-up effect of interested phenomena. As a result, errors accurse due to simplification of organizational phenomena. Multilevel approach enables the researchers and managers to see organizational phenomena as a multilevel subject and to analyze the effect of phenomenon in the higher level and also the influence of higher level factors at the phenomenon. Therefor, it can decrees or alleviate the gap between theory and practice. The importance of performance management is obvious ;however, there is not a comprehensive model that describes the concept of performance and variables and the relation between these variables in individual, team and organizational level. This study aims at developing a comprehensive model of organizational performance using multilevel approach. This is a developmental study based on research objective and was conducted using exploratory strategy and qualitative method. After studying more than one thousand scientific documents including articles and books, the single-level model of individual, team and organizational performance were developed. Then, the cross-level models were developed. Finally, the comprehensive model of organizational performance was developed using multilevel approach.

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