چشم انداز مدیریت دولتی

تأثیر پویایی محیطی و دانش کارآفرینانه بر تشخیص فرصت‌های آن با نقش میانجی خودکارآمدی کارآفرینانه

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی ( با رویکردهای کمی)

نویسنده

گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف: فرصت‌های کارآفرینانه به عنوان نقاط عطف در اقیانوس‌های آبی کسب‌وکار شناخته می‌شود که به دلیل عدم دانش کارآفرینانه و ناتوانی خودکارآمدی کارآفرینانه به‌سرعت تبدیل به اقیانوس قرمز می‌گردند. بدین جهت، این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر دانش کارآفرینانه و پویایی محیطی بر تشخیص فرصت‌های کارآفرینانه با نقش میانجی خودکارآمدی کارآفرینانه در مرکز مشاوره و اطلاع‌رسانی کارآفرین در شهر کرمان طی 15 ماه (1393-1395) انجام شد.
طراحی/ روش‌شناسی/رویکرد: روش پژوهش بر حسب هدف کاربردی، از نظر روش گردآوری داده­ها توصیفی ـ همبستگی و همین­طور از نظر نوع داده کمی بود. جامعۀ آماری شامل420 نفر از همه مراجعه‌کنندگان (دارای کسب‌وکار) به مرکز مشاوره و اطلاع­رسانی کارآفرین در شهر کرمان بود که با استفاده از جدول مورگان و روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده 201 نفر به‌عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب شد که همگی صاحبان و یا مدیرعاملان کسب‌وکارهای کوچک بودند. به­منظور گردآوری داده­ها از پرسش‌نامه‌های استاندارد بهره گرفته شد. پس از جمع­آوری پرسش‌نامه­ها، توصیف داده­ها از طریق میانگین، انحراف معیار، درصد، فراوانی و جدول از طریق نرم‌افزار SPSS و استنباط آماری داده­ها از طریق مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری و به کمک نرم‌افزار LISREL انجام پذیرفت. ویژگی­های فنی پرسش‌نامه شامل پایایی، روایی همگرا و روایی واگرا بررسی گردید.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌های پژوهش در دو دسته آمار توصیفی و آمار استنباطی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. ضرایب مسیر و ضرایب معناداری نرم‌افزار برای بررسی فرضیه‌های پژوهش مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند.
محدودیت‌ها و پیامدها: نتایج نشان داد درجه تناسب مدل ارائه‌شده با توجه به مؤلفه­های پژوهش مناسب بود؛ همچنین دانش کارآفرینانه و پویایی محیطی بر تشخیص فرصت­های کارآفرینانه با نقش میانجی خودکارآمدی کارآفرینانه تأثیر داشت.
پیامدهای عملی: نتایج عملیاتی مبین این است که فرصت‌های محیطی از پویایی آشفتگی و دانش  محیطی استخراج می‌گردد، بنابراین کارآفرینان بایستی با ارتقای دانش کارآفرینانه و قرارگرفتن در محیط‌های پویا و متنوع، قدرت تشخیص فرصت‌های محیطی خود را افزایش داده و زمینه‌ساز ایجاد خلاقیت و خودکارآمدی شوند.
ابتکار یا ارزش مقاله: با توجه به خلأ پژوهشی که در رابطه با مفهوم ویژگی‌های محیطی و اطلاعات درک شده از مفاهیم کارآفرینانه با کشف و شناسایی فرصت‌های کارآفرینانه وجود دارد، سعی به ارائه مدلی کارآمد در خصوص ارتباط و نحوه تأثیر این متغیرها بر یکدیگر شده است.
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Impact of Environmental Dynamics and Entrepreneurial Knowledge on Recognition of Opportunities with the Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy

نویسنده [English]

  • Seyedeh Masoumeh Ghamkhari

Department of Business Management, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Purpose: Entrepreneurial opportunities are known as turning points in the blue oceans of business that due to lack of entrepreneurial knowledge and inability of entrepreneurial self-efficacy quickly turn into the Red Ocean. With the mediating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy in the Entrepreneur Counseling and Information Center in Kerman during 15 months (2016-2017).
Design / Methodology / Approach: The research method was descriptive-correlation in terms of applied purpose in terms of data collection method and quantitative in terms of data type. The statistical population included 420 people who referred to the Entrepreneur Counseling and Information Center in Kerman. Using Morgan table and simple random sampling method, 201 people were selected as the sample size, all of whom are owners or CEOs. They were small businesses. Standard questionnaires were used to collect data. After collecting the questionnaires, data were described through means, standard deviation, percentage, frequency and table using SPSS software and statistical inference of data was done through structural equation modeling using LISREL software. The technical characteristics of the questionnaire including reliability, convergent validity and divergent validity were evaluated.
Research findings: The research findings were examined in descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Path coefficients and software significance coefficients were used to test the research hypotheses.
Limitations & Consequences: The results showed that the degree of fit of the proposed model was appropriate according to the components of the research; Also, entrepreneurial knowledge and environmental dynamics had an effect on identifying entrepreneurial opportunities with the mediating role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy.
Practical implications: Operational results indicate that environmental opportunities are extracted from the dynamics of turmoil and environmental knowledge, so entrepreneurs should increase their ability to recognize environmental opportunities by promoting entrepreneurial knowledge and being in dynamic and diverse environments, creating the conditions for creativity and self-efficacy. To be.
Innovation or value of the article: Due to the research vacuum that exists in relation to the concept of environmental characteristics and perceived information of entrepreneurial concepts by discovering and identifying entrepreneurial opportunities, an effective model has been tried to communicate the relationship between these variables.




Paper Type: Research Paper

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Entrepreneurial Knowledge
  • Environmental Dynamics
  • Identifying Entrepreneurial Opportunities
  • Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy
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چشم انداز مدیریت دولتی
دوره 11، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 43
مهر 1399
صفحه 109-124