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نوع مقاله : پژوهشی ( با رویکردهای کمی)
چکیده
هدف: فرصتهای کارآفرینانه به عنوان نقاط عطف در اقیانوس‌های آبی کسب‌وکار شناخته می‌شود که به دلیل عدم دانش کارآفرینانه و ناتوانی خودکارآمدی کارآفرینانه به‌سرعت تبدیل به اقیانوس قرمز می‌گردند. بدین جهت، این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر دانش کارآفرینانه و پویایی محیطی بر تشخیص فرصتهای کارآفرینانه با نقش میانجی خودکارآمدی کارآفرینانه در مرکز مشاوره و اطلاعرسانی کارآفرین در شهر کرمان طی 15 ماه (1393-1395) انجام شد.
طراحی/ روش‌شناسی/رویکرد: روش پژوهش بر حسب هدف کاربردی، از نظر روش گردآوری دادهها توصیفی ـ همبستگی و همینطور از نظر نوع داده کمی بود. جامعۀ آماری شامل420 نفر از همه مراجعه‌کنندگان (دارای کسب‌وکار) به مرکز مشاوره و اطلاعرسانی کارآفرین در شهر کرمان بود که با استفاده از جدول مورگان و روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده 201 نفر به‌عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب شد که همگی صاحبان و یا مدیرعاملان کسب‌وکارهای کوچک بودند. بهمنظور گردآوری دادهها از پرسش‌نامه‌های استاندارد بهره گرفته شد. پس از جمعآوری پرسش‌نامهها، توصیف دادهها از طریق میانگین، انحراف معیار، درصد، فراوانی و جدول از طریق نرم‌افزار SPSS و استنباط آماری دادهها از طریق مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری و به کمک نرم‌افزار LISREL انجام پذیرفت. ویژگیهای فنی پرسش‌نامه شامل پایایی، روایی همگرا و روایی واگرا بررسی گردید.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌های پژوهش در دو دسته آمار توصیفی و آمار استنباطی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. ضرایب مسیر و ضرایب معناداری نرم‌افزار برای بررسی فرضیه‌های پژوهش مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند.
محدودیت‌ها و پیامدها: نتایج نشان داد درجه تناسب مدل ارائه‌شده با توجه به مؤلفههای پژوهش مناسب بود؛ همچنین دانش کارآفرینانه و پویایی محیطی بر تشخیص فرصتهای کارآفرینانه با نقش میانجی خودکارآمدی کارآفرینانه تأثیر داشت.
پیامدهای عملی: نتایج عملیاتی مبین این است که فرصتهای محیطی از پویایی آشفتگی و دانش محیطی استخراج می‌گردد، بنابراین کارآفرینان بایستی با ارتقای دانش کارآفرینانه و قرارگرفتن در محیط‌های پویا و متنوع، قدرت تشخیص فرصتهای محیطی خود را افزایش داده و زمینه‌ساز ایجاد خلاقیت و خودکارآمدی شوند.
ابتکار یا ارزش مقاله: با توجه به خلأ پژوهشی که در رابطه با مفهوم ویژگیهای محیطی و اطلاعات درک شده از مفاهیم کارآفرینانه با کشف و شناسایی فرصتهای کارآفرینانه وجود دارد، سعی به ارائه مدلی کارآمد در خصوص ارتباط و نحوه تأثیر این متغیرها بر یکدیگر شده است.
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
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