چکیده
هدف: در این مطالعه هدف اصلی بررسی ویژگیهای ساختاری بوروکراسی و شناسایی کارکردهای آن بهمنظور استقرار یک نظام دموکراتیک است.
طراحی/روششناسی/رویکرد: پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف، بنیادی، از لحاظ ماهیت و روش، توصیفی و از نظر نوع دادهها جزو پژوهشهای کیفی به شمار میرود. جامعه موردمطالعه در این پژوهش اعضای هیئتعلمی دو دانشگاه صلاحالدین و جهان در منطقه کردستان عراق است که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران 23 نفر بهعنوان نمونه و به روش نمونهگیری خوشهای انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری دادهها، مصاحبههای نیمهساختاریافته بود که از طریق تحلیل تم، تمهای فرعی و مفاهیم مربوطه به آن شناسایی و کدگذاری شدند.
یافتههای پژوهش: نتایج نشان داد که ویژگیهای ساختاری بوروکراسی جامعه موردمطالعه، متفاوت از مدل بوروکراسی وبر است؛ اما به دلیل وجود تنوع نیروی کار در نظام اداری و همکاری آن با بخشهای مختلف حاکمیتی، نقش مؤثری در استقرار نظام دموکراتیک داشته است.
محدودیتها و پیامدها: شرایط موجود در منطقه موردمطالعه بر نظرها و دیدگاههای مصاحبهشوندگان تأثیر گذاشته است. ازآنجاکه گردآوری دادهها در میان گروهی خاصی انجام شده است، برای تعمیمپذیری نتایج پژوهش باید مطالعات بیشتری در میان گروههای مختلف جامعه و در زمانهای مختلف انجام شود.
پیامدهای عملی: با توجه به دیدگاه مختلف درباره رابطه بین بوروکراسی و دموکراسی، دموکراتیککردن فرایندهای بوروکراتیک در سازمانها برای ایجاد دموکراسی در جامعه، امری ضروری به نظر میرسد.
ابتکار یا ارزش مقاله: این مقاله در حوزه مدیریت دولتی است و با رویکردی عملی، درک بهتری از رابطه بین بوروکراسی و دموکراسی را تبیین میکند.
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