ارائه الگویی جامع و دوسوتوان برای گونه شناسی راهبردهای پاسخ به بحران-های سازمانی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی (با رویکردهای کیفی)

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه حضرت معصومه(س)، قم، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشکدگان فارابی، دانشگاه تهران، قم، ایران

چکیده

هدف: با توجه به آسیب‌پذیری سازمان­ها در برابر عدم قطعیت‌های محیطی، هیچ سازمانی از بحران مصون نیست. بنابراین آسیب­های ناشی از بحران را می‌توان با اتخاذ استراتژی­های صحیح، به حداقل رساند. ازاین‌رو هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر ارائه الگویی جامع و دوسوتوان برای گونه‌شناسی راهبردهای پاسخ به بحران­های سازمانی است.
طراحی/ روش‌شناسی/ رویکرد: برای دستیابی به هدف اصلی پژوهش از روش فراترکیب هفت مرحله­ای سندلوسکی و باروسو (2006) استفاده شد. از این‌رو تمامی مقالات مرتبط با هدف پژوهش در پایگاه داده اسکوپوس در بازه 2010 الی 2021 مورد جست­و­جو قرارگرفته و 678 مقاله یافت شد که پس از بررسی و غربال آن­ها بر اساس عنوان، چکیده، محتوا و کیفیت در نهایت 61 مقاله امتیاز لازم را جهت استخراج شاخص­ها کسب نمودند.
یافته‌های پژوهش: پس از تجزیه­وتحلیل داده­ها، 59 شاخص استخراج گردید که این شاخص­ها در نهایت در 4 گونه‌شناسی راهبردی (تهاجمی، تدافعی، تحلیلگر و واکنشی) دسته­بندی شدند.
محدودیت‌ها و پیامدها: پژوهش حاضر مقالات علمی-پژوهشی انگلیسی زبان را بررسی کرده است. پژوهش­های آتی می­توانند مقالات فارسی زبان و سایر اسناد نظیر کتاب­ها، مقالات کنفرانسی و... را نیز بررسی کنند.
پیامدهای عملی: ایجاد تعادل نزدیک‌تر بین اکتشاف و بهره‌برداری، سازمان را قادر می‌سازد تا از خطر انقراض یا خطر عدم تطبیق با محیط‌های بحرانی اجتناب کند، یا حداقل آن را بهتر مدیریت کند. همچنین شرکت‌هایی که هم‌زمان فعالیت‌های اکتشافی و بهره­بردارانه را دنبال می‌کنند می‌توانند در مقایسه با شرکت‌هایی که بر یکی به قیمت دیگری تمرکز می‌کنند به عملکرد برتر در بحران­ها دست یابند.
ابتکار یا ارزش مقاله: پژوهش حاضر یک گونه‌شناسی از استراتژی­های مقابله با بحران را به‌عنوان توصیه­هایی برای مدیران و رهبران سازمان­ها ارائه می­دهد که می­تواند به‌صورت استراتژیک به کاهش اثرات منفی و مدیریت بحران کمک کند.
نوع مقاله: پژوهشی
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Provide a Comprehensive and Ambidextrous Model for the Typology of Response Strategies to Organizational Crises

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Talari 1
  • Mina khoshroo 2
1 Assistant Prof., Business management group, Faculty of Management, Hazrat-e Masoumeh University (HMU), Qom, Iran
2 Ph.D. Student, Business management group, Faculty of Management and Accounting, College of Farabi, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran
چکیده [English]

Purpose: Given the vulnerability of organizations to environmental uncertainties, no organization is immune to crisis. Therefore, the damage caused by the crisis can be minimized by adopting the right strategies. So, the main purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive and ambidextrous model for the typology of response strategies to organizational crises.
Design/ Methodology/ Approach: To achieve the main goal of the research, the seven-step Meta‐synthesis method of Sandelowski and Barroso (2006) was used. therefore, all articles related to the purpose of research in the Scopus database were searched between 2010 and 2021, and 678 articles were found, after reviewing and screening them based on the title, abstract, content, and quality, finally 61 articles were selected. They obtained the necessary points to extract the indicators.
Research Findings: After analyzing the data, 59 indicators were extracted which were finally classified into 4 strategic typologies (prospector, defender, analyzer, and reactive).
Limitations & Consequences: The present research has examined scientific-research articles in English. Future research can examine Persian language articles and other documents such as books, conference articles, etc.
Practical Consequences: Creating a closer balance between exploration and exploitation enables the organization to avoid, or at least better manage, the risk of extinction or the risk of adapting to critical environments. Also, companies that pursue exploratory and exploitative activities at the same time can achieve superior performance in crises compared to companies that focus on one price at a time.
Innovation or value of the Article: The present study presents a typology of crisis management strategies as recommendations for managers and leaders of organizations that can strategically help to reduce the negative effects and crisis management.
Paper Type: Research paper

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crisis management
  • Response strategies to Crisis
  • Organizational crisis
  • Typology model
  • Meta‐synthesis

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