چشم انداز مدیریت دولتی

ارائه چارچوبی جهت طبقه‌بندی انگیزه‌های کارآفرینی براساس جهت و منبع انگیزه

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 گروه مدیریت و کارآفرینی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، اقتصاد و کارآفرینی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مدیریت و کارآفرینی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه مدیریت و کارآفرینی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، اقتصاد و کارآفرینی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

چکیده

هدف: کارآفرینی یکی از عوامل کلیدی در توسعه اقتصادی و شاخص اساسی در توسعه جوامع روبه‌رشد است. آنچه که کارآفرین را به آغاز فعالیت کارآفرینی ترغیب می‌کند، انگیزه کارآفرینی است. انگیزه کارآفرینی فرایند تبدیل یک فرد عادی به یک فرد کارآفرین است که می‌تواند فرصت‌هایی را ایجاد کند و در به حداکثر رساندن ثروت و توسعه اقتصادی کمک کند. هدف این پژوهش شناسایی و طبقه‌بندی انگیزه‌های کارآفرینان می­باشد.
طراحی/ روش‌شناسی/ رویکرد: این پژوهش با رویکرد مرور نظام­مند و با استفاده از یک ماتریس شش سلولی در دو مؤلفه جهت انگیزه (کشش یا فشار) و منبع انگیزه (اقتصادی، روان‌شناختی یا اجتماعی) انجام شده است.
یافته‌های پژوهش: بر اساس ماتریس شش سلولی بیشترین فراوانی انگیزه‌های شناسایی شده عبارت است از: انگیزه‌های کششی روان‌شناختی با 61 درصد، انگیزه‌های کششی اقتصادی با 1/21 درصد، انگیزه‌های کششی اجتماعی با 2/6 درصد، انگیزه‌های فشاری روان‌شناختی با 25/9 درصد، انگیزه‌های فشاری اجتماعی 2 درصد و انگیزه‌های فشاری اقتصادی 5/0 درصد توزیع انگیزه‌ها را نشان می دهد.
محدودیت‌ها و پیامدها: بافت فرهنگی و ویژگی ­های جمعیت‌شناختی کارآفرینان در این مطالعه تفکیک نشده است.
پیامدهای عملی: با توجه ‌به این­که کارآفرینان یکی از مؤثرترین نیروی بالقوه اقتصادی محسوب می­شوند شناسایی و طبقه‌بندی انگیزه­ های آنان و تمرکز و تقویت این انگیزه ­ها در برنامه ­های سیاست ­گذاران و برنامه­ ریزان سبب توسعه اقتصادی و اجتماعی خواهد شد.
ابتکار یا ارزش مقاله: بر اساس الگویی جدید انگیزه‌های کارآفرینان در دو مؤلفة جهت انگیزه (کشش یا فشار) و منبع انگیزه (اقتصادی، روان‌شناختی یا اجتماعی) طبقه‌بندی شده است.
نوع مقاله: مقاله مروری

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Provide a framework for classifying entrepreneurial motivations based on the direction and source of motivation

نویسندگان [English]

  • khadijeh azizi 1
  • Mahdi Hosseinpour 2
  • bijan rezaee 3

1 Department of Management and Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Social Sciences, Economics and Entrepreneurship, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Management and Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Social Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

3 Department of Management and Entrepreneurship - Faculty of Social Sciences, Economics and Entrepreneurship - Razi University, Iran

چکیده [English]

Purpose: Entrepreneurship is one of the key factors in economic development and a key indicator in the development of growing societies. What motivates the entrepreneur to start an entrepreneurial activity is entrepreneurial motivation. Entrepreneurial motivation is the process of transforming an ordinary person into an entrepreneur who can create opportunities and help maximize wealth and economic development. The purpose of this study is to identify and classify the motivations of entrepreneurs.
Design/Methodology/Approach: This research has been done with a systematic review approach and using a six-cell matrix in two components for motivation (traction or pressure) and sources of motivating (economic, psychological or social).
Research Findings: According to the six-cell matrix, the highest frequency of motivations identified are: psychological traction motives with 61%, economic traction motives with 21.1%, social traction motives with 6.2%, psychological compulsive motives with 9.2%, Social pressure motives 2% and economic pressure motives 5%. Shows the percentage distribution of motivations.
Limitations & Consequences: The cultural context and demographic characteristics of entrepreneurs are not separated in this study
Practical Consequences: Identifying and classifying their motivations and focusing and strengthening these motivations in the programs of policy makers and planners will lead to economic and social development.
Innovation or value of the Article: According to the new model, entrepreneurs' motivations are classified into two components: motivation and motivation source.
Paper Type: Systematic review

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Entrepreneurial Motivations
  • Traction
  • Pressure
  • Systematic Review
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چشم انداز مدیریت دولتی
دوره 13، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 49
1401
صفحه 117-136