بررسی رابطه میان سبک های دلبستگی، رفتار کاوشگرانه و ریسک پذیری

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی ( با رویکردهای کمی)

نویسندگان

1 استاد، دانشگاه تهران، تهران.

2 دکتری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران.

3 دکتری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران

چکیده

چکیده 1یکی از متغیرهای شخصیتی، ریسک پذیری است که هم به عنوان یک ویژگی کارآفرینان و همبه عنوان ضرورتی برای برخی از مشاغل در درون سازمان، اهمیت زیادی یافته است؛ ازاین رو یافتنمتغیرهای رفتاری مرتبط با آن، سازمان ها را در راستای گماشتن افرادی مناسب با مشاغل سازمانی یاریمی رساند. هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی رابطه میان سیستم رفتاری دلبستگی، رفتار کاوشگرانه وریسک پذیری است. این پژوهش، ماهیتی توصیفی  تحلیلی دارد و از طریق آزمون همبستگی و به طورمشخص مدل معادلات ساختاری ) SEM ( روابط یادشده را بررسی میکند. نتایج پژوهش که در نمونه ایبه حجم 176 نفر از کارکنان یکی از بیمارستان های شهر تهران صورت پذیرفت، حاکی از آن است کهبین دلبستگی و رفتار کاوشگرانه رابطه منفی، بین رفتار کاوشگرانه و ریسک پذیری رابطه مثبت و بیندلبستگی و ریسک پذیری نیز رابطه منفی وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

  1. Barbosa, S., & Kickul, J. (2007). Differing Pathways to Intentionality: The Role of Cognitive Style and Risk Propensity. 4th AGSE International Entrepreneurship Research Exchange Conference. Queensland.
  2. Blais, A. R., & Weber, E. U. (2006). A Domain-Specific Risk-Taking (DOSPERT) scale for adult populations. Judgment and Decision Making, 1(1), 33-47.
  3. Botella, J., Narvaez, M., Martinez-Molina, A., Rubio, V., and Santacreu, J. (2008). A Dillemas Task for Eliciting Risk Propensity . The Psychological Record, 58, 529-546.
  4. Brennan, K. A., Clark, C. L., and Shaver, P. R. (1998). Self-report measurement of adult romantic attachment: An integrative overview. In J. A. Simpson and W. S. Rholes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships. 46–76. New York: Guilford Press.
  5. Bretherton, I. (1992). The origins of attachment theory: John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth. Developmental Psychology, 28(5), 759.
  6. Carnelley, K. B., & Ruscher, J. B. (2000). Adult Attachment and Exploratory Behavior in Leisure. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 15(2), 153-165.
  7. Coy, A. E., Green, J. D., & Davis, J. L. (2012). With or without you: The impact of partner presence and attachment on exploration. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 48(1), 411-415.
  8. Elliot, A. J., & Reis, H. T. (2003). Attachment and Exploration in Adulthood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 317–331.
  9. Endriulaitienė, A., and Martišius, M. (2010). Personal and Situational Factors as the Predictors of Risk-Taking Propensity in the Sample of Lithuanian Students. International Journal of Psychology: A Biopsychosocial Approach, 5, 75-98.
  10. Feeney, B. C. (2004). A Secure Base: Responsive Support of Goal Strivings and Exploration in Adult Intimate Relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87(5), 631-648.
  11. Feeney, B. C., & Thrush, R. L. (2010). Relationship Influences on Exploration in Adulthood: The Characteristics and Function of a Secure Base. Journal of Personalitu and Social Psychology, 98(1), 57-76.
  12. Forlani, D., & Mullins, J. H. (2000). Perceived Risks and Choices in Entrepreneur's New Venture Decisions. Journal of Business Venturing, 15(4), 305-322.
  13. Gandhi, Sanjay K., Buford T Lively, Warren Salmon, Walter W. Siganga., & Monica Holiday-Goodman. (1997). Risk-taking propensity and drug product selection behavior of pharmacists. Journal of Managed Care Pharmacy, 3(4), 439-443.
  14. Green, J. D., & Campbell, W. K. (2000). Attachment and Exploration in Adults: Chronic and Contextual Accessibility. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(4), 452-461.
  15. Hung, K. T., and Tangpong, C. (2008). Measuring general Risk Propensity in Business Decisions. Proceedings of the 39th Annual Meeting of the Decision Sciences Institute, Baltimore. 1881-1886.
  16. Jan Conradi, H., Gerlsma, C., Duijn, M. V., & Jonge, P. D. (2006). Internal and external validity of the experiences in close relationships questionnaire in an
  17. بررسی رابطه میان سبک های دلبستگی ... )رئیسی فر و همکاران( 151
  18. American and two Dutch samples. The European journal of psychiatry, 20(4), 258-269.
  19. Jan Conradi, H., Gerlsma, C., Duijn, M. V., & Jonge, P. D. (2006). Internal and external validity of the experiences in close relationships questionnaire in an American and two Dutch samples. The European journal of psychiatry, 20(4), 258-269.
  20. Kogan, N., & Wallach, M. A. (1983). Risk Taking: a study in cognition and personality. New York: Greenwood Press.
  21. Lively, Buford T. (1983). Evaluating risk taking propensity as a predictor of the outcome dimensions of medication history taking. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 47(2), 129.
  22. March, J., & Shapira, Z. (1987). Managerial Perspectives on Risk and Risk Taking. Management Science, 33(11), 1404-1418.
  23. Picardi, A., Vermigli, P., Toni, A., D’Amico, R., Bitetti, D., & Pasquini, P. (2002). Further evidence of the validity of the Italian version of the questionnaire “Experiences in Close Relationships”(ECR), a self-report instrument to assess adult attachment. Italian Journal of Psychopathology, 8(3), 282-294.
  24. Ravitz, Paula, et al. (2010). Adult attachment measures: A 25-year review. Journal of psychosomatic research, 69(4), 419-432.
  25. Richards, D., and Schat, A. (2010). Attachment at (Not to) Work: Applying Attachment Theory to Explain Attachment at (Not to) Work: Journal of Applied Psychology.
  26. Robbins, S. P., and Judge, T. A. (2009). Organizational Behavior. New Delhi: Prentice-Hall of India.
  27. Salleh, F., & Ibrahim, M. D. (2011). Demographic Characteristics Differences of Risk Taking Propensity among Micro and Small Business Owners in Malaysia. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(9), 149-153.
  28. Stewart, W. H., & Roth, P. L. (2001). Risk Propensity Differences between Entrepreneurs and Managers: A Meta-analytic Review. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 154-153.
  29. Tziner, A., and Tanami, M. (2013). Examining the links between attachment, perfectionism, and job motivation potential with job engagement and workaholism. Revista de Psicologia del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones, 29(2), 65-74.
  30. Vereshchagina, G., and Hopenhayn, H. A. (2009). Risk Taking by Entrepreneurs. American Economic Review, Vol. 99. No. 5. pp. 1808–1830.
  31. Vignoli, E., Croity-Belz, S., Chapeland, V., de Fillipis, A., & Garcia, M. (2005). Career exploration in adolescents: The role of anxiety, attachment, and parenting style. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 67(2), 153–168.
  32. Wang, X. T., Kruger, D. J., and Wilke, A. (2009). Life history variables and risk-taking propensity. Evolution and Human Behavior, 30(2), 77-84.
  33. Waters, E., and Cummings, E. M. (2000). A Secure Base From Which To Explore Close Relationships. Child Development, 71(1), 164-172.
  34. Waters, E., Hamilton, C. E., & Weinfield, N. S. (2000a). The stability of attachment security from infancy to adolescence and early adulthood: General introduction. Child development, 71(3), 678-683.
  35. چشم انداز مدیریت دولتی شماره 34 تابستان 1397
  36. Waters, E., Merrick, S., Treboux, D., Crowell, J., & Albersheim, L. (2000b). Attachment security in infancy and early adulthood: a twenty year longitudinal study. Child development, 71(3), 684-689.
  37. Waters, E., Weinfield, N. S., & Hamilton, C. E. (2000c). The stability of attachment security from infancy to adolescence and early adulthood: General discussion. Child development, 71(3), 703-706.
  38. Yip, J., Ehrhardt, K., Black, H., & Walker, D. O. (2018). Attachment theory at work: A review and directions for future research. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 39(2), 185-198.
  39. Ronen, S., & Zuroff, D. C. (2017). How does secure attachment affect job performance and job promotion? The role of social-rank behaviors. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 100, 137-148.
  40. Dai, L., Maksimov, V., Gilbert, B. A., & Fernhaber, S. A. (2014). Entrepreneurial orientation and international scope: The differential roles of innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk-taking. Journal of Business Venturing, 29(4), 511-524.
  41. Koudstaal, M., Sloof, R., & Van Praag, M. (2015). Risk, uncertainty, and entrepreneurship: Evidence from a lab-in-the-field experiment. Management Science, 62(10), 2897-2915.
  42. Leiter, M. P., Day, A., & Price, L. (2015). Attachment styles at work: Measurement, collegial relationships, and burnout. Burnout Research, 2(1), 25-35.
  43. Macko, A., & Tyszka, T. (2009). Entrepreneurship and risk taking. Applied psychology, 58(3), 469-487.
  44. Nicholson, N., Soane, E., Fenton‐O'Creevy, M., & Willman, P. (2005). Personality and domain‐specific risk taking. Journal of Risk Research, 8(2), 157-176.
  45. Scrima, F., Di Stefano, G., Guarnaccia, C., & Lorito, L. (2015). The impact of adult attachment style on organizational commitment and adult attachment in the workplace. Personality and Individual Differences, 86, 432-437.
  46. Weller, J. A., & Tikir, A. (2011). Predicting domain‐specific risk taking with the HEXACO personality structure. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 24(2), 180-201.