چشم انداز مدیریت دولتی

فراترکیب عوامل درونی و بیرونی و تسهیلگرهای تحول نظام اداری

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی (با رویکردهای کیفی)

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

3 استاد گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت و دانشکده حکمرانی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف: در عصر حاضر دستیابی به توسعه از مهمترین اهداف هر کشور است که نظام اداری مهم‌ترین رکن پیاده‌کننده سیاست‌های توسعه‌ای است. علاوه بر این نظام اداری وظیفه ارائه خدمت به شهروندان را نیز بر عهده دارد و اگر متناسب با نیازهای شهروندان طراحی نشده و توان اجرای صحیح سیاست‌ها را نداشته باشد، در واقع به هیچ یک از وظایف خود عمل نکرده و هزینه‌های آن بیش از منافعش خواهد بود. از این رو موضوع تحول اداری در دستور کار بسیاری از کشورها قرار گرفته تا بتوانند نظامی مطلوب را برای اجرای دو وظیفه اصلی خود طراحی کند. به منظور تحول نظام اداری، شناسایی عوامل درونی نظام اداری که باید مورد اصلاح قرار گیرند، عوامل بیرونی که بر اصلاحات اثرگذارند، اما قابل کنترل نیستند و همچنین عواملی که تسهیلگر اجرای تحول اداری می‌باشند، از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. از این رو هدف این پژوهش شناسایی عوامل درونی و بیرونی موثر در تحول نظام اداری و همچنین تسهیلگرهای اجرای تحول می‌باشد.
طراحی/ روش‌شناسی/ رویکرد: در این مسیر تلاش شده است که با روش فراترکیب به تحلیل و ارزیابی نظام‌مند یافته‌های پژوهشی پیشین پرداخته شود. جامعه آماری پژوهش تمامی مقالات، کتب، رساله‌ها و اسناد مرتبط با موضوع تحول نظام اداری است که مرتبط‌ترین مطالعات با رویکردی هدفمند انتخاب شدند.
یافته‌های پژوهش: بر اساس چارچوب نهایی پژوهش، عوامل موثر بر تحول نظام اداری در قالب سه بعد متغیرهای درونی، متغیرهای بیرونی و تسهیلگرهای تحول اداری و در 16 مقوله دسته‌بندی شد.
پیامدهای عملی: چارچوب نهایی پژوهش می‌تواند به عنوان ابزاری برای طراحی برنامه‌های تحول اداری و اجرای آنها استفاده شود.
ابتکار یا ارزش مقاله: در این پژوهش یک دسته‌بندی از عوامل موثر در طراحی برنامه‌های تحول اداری از حیث عوامل قابل کنترل و غیرقابل کنترل و همچنین تسهیلگرهای تحول انجام شده است که ابتکار این پژوهش می‌باشد.
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Meta-Synthesis of Internal and External Factors and Facilitators of The Administrative System Reform

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sahar Babaei 1
  • reza vaezi 2
  • Ali Asghar Pourezzat 3
  • Davood Hosseinpour 4

1 Ph.D. Candidate in Public Management, Faculty of management and Accounting, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran

2 Professor , Faculty of management and Accounting, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran

3 Professor, Faculty of management and Faculty of Governance, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

4 Associate Professor, Faculty of management and Accounting, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Purpose: In the present era, achieving development is one of the most important goals of any country, and the administrative system is the most important implementer of developmental policies. In addition, the administrative system is responsible for providing services to citizens, and if it is not designed to meet these two duties, in fact, its costs are more than its benefits. Hence, the issue of administrative change is on the agenda of many countries. In order to reform administrative system smoothly, it is important to identify the internal factors of the administrative system that need to be reformed, the external factors that affect the reforms but are not controllable, as well as the factors that facilitate the implementation of administrative reform. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the internal and external factors affecting the administrative system reform as well as facilitators of implementation.
Design/ methodology/ approach: An attempt has been made to systematically analyze and evaluate previous research findings by a meta synthesis method. The statistical population of the study is all articles, books, theses and documents related to the subject of administrative system reform that the most relevant studies were selected with a purposeful approach.
Research Findings: Based on the final research framework, the factors affecting the administrative system reform can be classified into three dimensions like internal variables, external variables and facilitators of administrative reform and they consist of 16 categories.
Practical Consequences: The final research framework can be used as a tool to design and implement administrative system reform plans.
Innovation or value of the Article: In this research, a classification of effective factors in designing administrative system reform programs in terms of controllable and uncontrollable factors as well as facilitators has been done, which is the novelty of this research.
Paper Type: Research Article

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Administrative System
  • Reform
  • Facilitator
  • Meta-Synthesis Approach
  1. Abolhasaniranjbar, A., Daneshfard, K., & Faghihi, A. (2018). An Agenda Setting for Policies of Administrative System Reform in Iran. Public Administration Perspaective, 9(2), 15-42.
  2. Administration of Government of Georgia (2015). Public Administration Reform Roadmap 2020, http://gov.ge/files/425_49309_322150_15.07.21-PublicAdministrationReformRoadmap2020(Final)(1).pdf
  3. AHMED, K. H. (2021). The Role of e-government in enabling administrative reform in the public sector(Doctoral dissertation, KDI School).
  4. Aliyu, Ashiru Olayemi; Singaravelloo, Kuppusamy and Norma Mansor (2021). A Review of Administration Reforms in Developing Countries: Why the Limited Success?, Journal of Public Administration and Governance (Vol. 11, No. 2).
  5. Anh, N. T., Anh, N. T. L., & Linh, P. T. T. (2021). PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIVE REFORM, INVESTMENT ATTRACTION AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE: AN INTERGRATED MODEL. TNU Journal of Science and Technology, 226(09): 212 – 219.
  6. Arora, Punit (2006). Administrative Reforms in India: Need for Systems Approach to Problem Solving. International Public Management Review, 7(2), 83-96.
  7. Azizuddin, M. (2014). Administrative Reform and Capacity Building: The case of primary education in Bangladesh.
  8. Boyd, Neil M.; (2021). The continued call and future of administrative reform in the United States. Public Management Review, 23(1), 2-9.
  9. Calo, Ryan & Danielle Keats Citron.(2021). The Automated Administrative State: A Crisis of Legitimacy, Emory Law Journal, Volume 70, Issue 4.
  10. Capano, Giliberto (2021). Models of Administrative Reform. In: Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics, Oxford, Oxford University Press, Pp. 1-20
  11. Cepiku, Denita, & Mititelu, Cristina (2011). Public administration reforms in transition countries: Albania and Romania between the Weberian model and the new public management. Public administration in the balkans- from Weberian bureaucracy to new public management, 299.
  12. Dwivedi, O. P. (2005). Administrative culture and values: Approaches. Administrative culture in a global context, 19-36.
  13. Evans, Mark, & Barakat, Sultan (2015). Defining the challenge, making the change: A study of public administration reform in Arab transitions.
  14. Faghihi, A., Vaezi, R., & Aghaz, A. (2011). Bureaucracy and Culture in Iran. Iranian journal of management sciences, 5(Number 19), 1-32. (in Persian)
  15. Farazmand, A. (Ed.). (2002). Administrative reform in developing nations. Greenwood Publishing Group.
  16. Franzke, Jochen (2008). Administrative Reform in Germany: Changes and Challenges. In Handbook of Administrative Reform(pp. 95-116). Routledge.
  17. Gedeona, H. T., & Trilestari, E. W. (2021). The Model for Implementing Bureaucratic Reform in the Ministry of Administrative Reform. In 2nd International Conference on Administration Science 2020 (ICAS 2020) (pp. 146-155). Atlantis Press.
  18. Gomes, R. C., & Lisboa, E. D. F. (2021). Public management reform in Brazil (2002-2019). Public Management Review, 23(2), 159-167.
  19. Governance of Ukraine.(2018). Public Administration Reform Strategy of Ukraine Through 2021.
  20. Greve, Carsten, Ejersbo, Niels, Lægreid, Per, & Rykkja, Lise (2020). Unpacking Nordic administrative reforms: Agile and adaptive governments. International Journal of Public Administration, 43(8), 697-710.
  21. Grohs, S., & Rasch, D. (2021). Administrative convergence in the United Nations system? Patterns of administrative reform in four United Nations organizations over time. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 87(4), 755-774.
  22. Haque, Shamsul, & Puppim de Oliveira, J. A. (2021). Building administrative capacity under developmental states in Chile and Singapore: A comparative perspective. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 87(2), 220-237. Republika Of Korea.
  23. Hintea, Calin Emilian (2020). Four elements of successful reform. Asia Pacific Journal of Public Administration, 42(1), 9-11.
  24. Hook, David, Than, Tin Maung, & Ninh, Kim B. (2015). Conceptualizing public sector reform in Myanmar. MDRI.
  25. Guma, Prince Karakire (2013). Public‑Sector Reform, E‑Government and the Search for Excellence in Africa: Experiences from Uganda. Electronic Journal of e-Government, 11(1), pp240-251.
  26. Hadna, Agus Heruanto (2007). Local Public Administration Reform: An Empirical Study of Local Government Reform in Indonesia during the Local Autonomy Implementation (1999-2004). Phd Thesis
  27. Haque, Shamsul (2009). Public administration and public governance in Singapore. Public administration and public governance in ASEAN member countries and Korea, 246-271.
  28. Hauser, Florian (Ed.). (2017). Quality of Public Administration: A Toolbox for Practitioners: Abridged Version. Publications Office of the European Union.
  29. Heady, ferrel (2001). Public Administration, A Comparative Perspective. CRC Press.
  30. Heichlinger, A., Thijs, N., Hammerschmid, G., & Attström, K. (2018). Public Administration Reform in Europe: Conclusions, lessons learned and recommendations for future EU Policy. Publications Office of the European Union
  31. Hizaamu, Ramadhan (2014). Analysis of public administration system reform process in Uganda: to what extent did it attain its objectives. International Journal of Public Administration and Management Research, 2(3), 9-23.
  32. Hwang, Kwangseon (2019). Understanding complexity of administrative reform. International Journal of Organizational Analysis.
  33. Ingrams, A., Piotrowski, S., & Berliner, D. (2020). Learning from Our Mistakes: Public Management Reform and the Hope of Open Government. Perspectives on Public Management and Governance, 3(4), 257-272.
  34. Ishihara, T. (2021). Public sector reform and public management theory―cases of Japan. Public Management Review, 1-10.
  35. Islam, Shariar (2018). New public management-based reform in Bangladesh: A review of Public Administration Reform Commission. Indian Journal of Public Administration, 64(1), 15-35.
  36. Jaber, F. H. (2022). THE ROLE OF DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS CENTERS TO ENHANCE ADMINISTRATIVE REFORM IN PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS-EXPLORATORY STUDY IN IRAQI PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS. World Economics and Finance Bulletin, 6, 93-101.
  37. Khalilov, B., & Huseyn, A. (2022). Civil Service Reform in the Republic of Azerbaijan. In Public Service Evolution in the 15 Post-Soviet Countries(pp. 77-105). Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore.
  38. Killian, Jerri, & Eklund, Niklas (Eds.). (2008). Handbook of administrative reform: an international perspective. CRC Press.
  39. Kim, Pan Suk (2007). Transforming higher-level civil service in a new age: a case study of a new senior civil service in Korea. Public Personnel Management, 36(2), 127-142.
  40. Klenk, Tanja, & Reiter, Renate (2019). Post-new public management: Reform ideas and their application in the field of social services. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 85 (1), 5-12.
  41. Lampropoulou, Manto. (2021). Public-sector reform: Lessons from the privatisation experiment in Greece. Utilities Policy, 72(C), 101282.
  42. Lapuente, victor& Van de Walle, steven (2020). The effects of new public management on the quality of public services. Governance, 33(3), 461-475.
  43. Lufunyo, Hussein (2013). Impact of public sector reforms on service delivery in Tanzania. Journal of Public Administration and Policy Research, 5(2), 26-49.
  44. Massey, Andrew (Ed.). (2011). International handbook on civil service systems. Edward Elgar Publishing.
  45. Minh Chau, Dao (1997). Administrative reform in Vietnam: need and strategy. Asian Journal of Public Administration, 19(2), 303-320.
  46. Mirmohammadi, S. M. & Hasanpoor, A. (2011). Iran Administrative System: An Analysis on Problems and Challenges, Public dministration Perspective, 2 (4). (In Persian)
  47. Morariu, Alunica (2011). The Substantiation of the Public Administrative Systems Configuration on the Principles of Modern Management. In 2nd International Conference on Economics, Business and Management, IPEDR. Singapore: IACSIT Press(Vol. 22, pp. 148-153).
  48. Nhema, A. G. (2016). Public administration and the development of Africa: A critical assessment. Journal of public administration and Governance, 6(1), 6-19.
  49. North, Douglass (1991). Institutions. Journal of economic perspectives, 5(1), 97-112.
  50. Nwasike, Joan. (2016). Key Principles of Public Sector Reforms: Case Studies and Frameworks. Commonwealth Secretariat.
  51. Onder, M. & Nyadera, I. N. (2019). Comparative Administrative Cultures between Developed and Developing Countries. Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance. Springer, Cham.
  52. Osifo, Omoregie Charles (2013). The Third Tier Government and Administrative Reforms in Developing Countries: An Analysis of Local Governments' Reformation Policies in Nigeria and Tanzania. Journal of African & Asian Local Government Studies, 2(4).
  53. Pratama, Arif Budy (2017). Bureaucracy reform deficit in indonesia: a cultural theory perspective. Journal of Public Administration and Governance, 7(3), 88-99.
  54. Raadschelders, Jos C.N., &Eran Vigoda-Gadot (2015). Global dimensions of public administration and governance: A comparative voyage. John Wiley & Sons.
  55. Raadschelders, Jos C.N., &James L. Perry (1994). Protocol for Comparative Studies of National Service Systems, Comparative Civil Service Research Consortium. Leiden University and SPEA, Bloomington.
  56. Rakasiwi, Galuh (2021). Bureaucratic Reform in the Field of Human Resources Apparatus as the Main Capital in Realizing Good Governance. 5th International Conference on Indonesian Social and Political Enquiries, ICISPE 2020, 9-10 October 2020, Semarang, Indonesia
  57. Rho, Eunju, Jung, Juyong, & Nam, Taewoo (2021). A closer look at what goes wrong: public employee cynicism and resistance to administrative reform. International Journal of Public Administration, 44(8), 636-647.
  58. Riga,Valsts valodas centrs (2018).Public Administration Reform Plan for 2020,State Language Centre. https://www.mk.gov.lv/sites/mk/files/media_file/public-administration-reform-plan-2020_1.pdf
  59. Riggs, Fred W. (1970). The Idea of Development administration. In Development Administration Cite in Development Administration in Asia. Edited by Edward W. Weidner. Duke university press, Durham.
  60. Riggs, F. W. (2009). Bureaucratic Links between Administration and Politics. Bureaucracy and Administration, Boca Raton, FL: Taylor Francis Group, 85-111.
  61. Safarian, R., Shahramnia, A., Masoudnia, H., & Maki, P. (2017). The Structure of the Administrative System and the Process of Political Development During the Reform Period (7th and 8th Governments). Political and International Approaches, 9(1), 121-146. (in Persian)
  62. Sandelowski, M. and Barroso, J. (2006). Handbook for synthesizing qualitative research. Springer Publishing Company.
  63. Thijs, Nick, Hammerschmid, Gerhard, & Palaric, Enora (2017). A comparative overview of public administration characteristics and performance in EU28. Publications Office of the European Union, Brussels.
  64. Uhaib, Muhammad, & Djani, William (2018). Indonesia Public Administration Reform in Supporting Good Governance. Review Pub Administration Manag, 6(256), 2.
  65. UNDP (2004). PublicAdministration Reform: Practice Note.
  66. Vaezi, R., Shams, L.and Maleki, M. (2021). Development and Comparative Management (Concepts, Theories and Models), Saffar Publications. (in Persian)
  67. Vaziri, Shabnam, Salajegheh, Sanjar, Beigzadeh, Farzaneh, & Pourkiani, Masoud (2020). Designing the Pattern of Administering Reform Policies in the Islamic Republic of Irans Administrative System. Agricultural Marketing and Commercialization Journal, 4(1), 190-209.
  68. Wegrich, kai (2021). Is the turtle still plodding along? Public management reform in Germany. Public Management Review, 23(8), 1107-1116.
  69. Ziekow, Jan (2021).Administrative Procedures and Processes. In Public Administration in Germany.by  Kuhlmann, S., Proeller, I., Schimanke, D., & Ziekow, J., Springer Nature.
چشم انداز مدیریت دولتی
دوره 13، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 51
1401
صفحه 35-71