Public Administration Perspective

Typology of Dual Use defense industry Policies in The Iran

Document Type : Research Article (with qualitative approaches)

Authors

1 PhD. Graduate

2 Faculty of Management and Accounting, Qazvin Unit, Islamic Azad University

3 Faculty of Management and Accounting, Farabi Campus, University of Tehran, Qom,

Abstract

Objective: in the Sixth Development Plan of the I.R Iran has emphasized the use of surplus defense industry capacities to assist the non-defense industry sector under the title of The Dual Use Defense Industry. Iran's defense industry is one of the leading productive sectors in the field of science and technology and advanced products that can simultaneously be employed in the production of defense and non-defense products and technology. The main question, however, the key question: Under what circumstances and under what types of policies can the defense industry experience nonprofit industry activity? Because, if these policies are not embedded in scientific and practical considerations, defense industry activity in the nonprofit sector would not be effective.Design / Methodology / Approach: in this study, with a qualitative approach and thematic analysis strategy, by identifying the requirements of Iranian Dual Use Defense Industry policy making, we attempted to design a model for typology of Iranian Dual Use Defense Industry policies as a practical guide for policy makers in this field.Research Findings: Policies through two-step element routing, including the reasons for Dual Use Defense Industry and the orienting factors affecting Dual Use, and using matrix tools, has identified: single-use, diffusion, constraint, conservative and permanent policies for Dual Use Defense Industry as a variant of Iran's defense industry's dual Use policy.Limitations and Consequences: The results of this study can be incorporated into the strategic documents of related agencies in policymaking in this field and according to the findings of this study, the Iranian dual use defense industry policies can be formulated, implemented and evaluated. Therefore, a proper model for implementation and evaluation needs to be drawn.Practical implications: Moving to a more transparent space for economic and civilian activities of the Iranian defense industry, as well as maximizing the scientific, logical utilization of defense capabilities for the non-defense sector, is a practical implications of this research.Initiative or Article Value: Practically the contribution of this research empowers public policy makers and especially defense industry managers in policy making capabilities. Also, scientifically, this research reduces the gap due to the lack of research and modeling in the field of industrial policy making process, especially in the field of Dual Use defense industries of Iran.

Keywords

  1. Alvany, M. (2014). Decision Making and Government Policy. Khome Publications, 1(8), 12-12. (In Persian)
  2. Alvany, M., & Sharifzadeh, F. (2015). Public Policy Process. Imam Sadegh University Press, 1(13), 33-50. (In Persian)
  3. Birkland, T. .(2015). An Introduction to the Policy Process: Theories, Concepts, and Models of Public Policy Making. Published by Routledge Press, New York.
  4. Brunton, B. (1991). An Historical Perspective on the Future of the Military-Industrial Complex. Social Science Journal, 28(1), 111-116.
  5. Bazargan, A. (2015). An Introduction to Qualitative and Mixed Research Methodology, Current Approaches in Behavioral Sciences. Meet Publications, 1(1), 76-70. (In Persian)
  6. Carina, T. (2012). Practical Matters for Defense Contractors: Converting DoD Technology to Commercial Markets, Bachelor of Science, University of Washington.
  7. Danaei Fard, H., Alvany, M., & Azar, A. (2013). A Qualitative Research Method in Management: A Comprehensive Approach. Safar Publications. (In Persian)
  8. Dori Nogourani, H. (2011). A Basis for Policy Making in the Defense Republic of Iran. Journal of Policy Making, 2(3), 10-12. (In Persian)
  9. Dunne P, Braddon D.(2008).School of Economics, Bristol Business School. University of the West of England, Bristol.
  10. Drezner, J. A. (2016).Competition and Innovation under Complexity,in: Organizing for a Complex World: Developing Tomorrows Defense and Net-Centric Systems, Edited by Guy Ben-Ari and Pierre A. Chao, RAND Institution, USA,31-49.
  11. Edquist, C., & Hommen, J. (2008). Cheltenham Small Country Innovation Systems: Globalization, Change and Policy in Asia and Europe. UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
  12. European Defence Industry. (2014). Eu Funding for Dual Use: A Pratical Guide to Accessing EU Funds for European Regional Authorities and SMEs, European Commission, Ref. Ares (2015) 3866477 - 18/09/2015.
  13. Enger, G. (2013). Dual-Use Technology and Defence–Civilian Spillovers: Evidence from the Norwegian Defence Industry, Master’s thesis, Faculty of Social Science, University of Oslo.
  14. Fertokzadeh, H. R., & Vaziri, J. (2012). Iran's Technology and Technology Development Model: Small Core - Large Networks; Defense Industries and Modeling for the Oil Industry. Management Improvement Quarterly, 6(3),76-91. (In Persian)
  15. Hartley, K. .(2003). The future of European Defence Policy: An Economic Perspective. Defence and Peace Economics, 14(2), 107-115
  16. James, A.D. (2001). The Place of the UK Defence Indusyry in its National Innovation System: Co-Evolution of National, Sectorial and Technological Systems.
  17. Guichard, R. (2005). Suggested Reposition R&D Within the French System of Innovation. Technovation Journal, 7(4),55.
  18. Gansler J.(1995). Defense Conversion. MIT Press, Cambridge.
  19. Perani,Giulio.(1997).Military Technologies and Commercial Applications: Public Policies in NATO Countries, Final Report To The NATO Office For Information And Press.
  20. Pourezat, A., Rahimian, A. (2012). Public Policy Properties for Managing Diverse and Complex Cities. Public Administration Review,4(10),91-112. (In Persian)
  21. Khazaiy, Saeed; Kazemi, Seyed Abbas. (2003). Factors Influencing Innovation Capability in Defense Industry Institutions in the UK: An Experimental Analysis (Translation and Summary). Journal of Defense Research Management, 1(4),9-27 .(In Persian)
  22. Lester, J. P & Stewart. J.(2000).Public Policy: An Evolutionary Approach, Minnesota: West Publishing Company,1(1),14-22.
  23. Merindol, Valerie, & Versalles, David .(2010). Dual-Use as Knowledge-Oriented Policy: France During the 1990–2000s. International Journal of Technology Management, 50(1), 217-238.
  24. Mowery, D. (2012). Defence Industry-Related R&D, A Model for Grand challege. Techndogy Policies.
  25. Mokhtarzade, N., & Kiani Bakhtiari, A. (2014). Industrial Policies in Some Countries of the World and Iran. Journal of Science, 1(4), 77-103.(In Persian)
  26. Montazeri, A., & Khenifar, H. (2014). Design of Iran Defense Open Innovation System. PhD Thesis, University of Tehran. (In Persian)
  27. Matoufy, A., & Dankub, M. (2017). Prioritization of Factors Affecting Iran Environmental Policy Formulation Using Network Analysis Method. Quarterly Journal of Parliament and Strategy, 24(90), 125-156. (In Persian)
  28. Tarhany, F. (2010). Defense Industry Strategy in Consumer Pattern Modification. Defense Strategy Quarterly, 8(29),63-90. (In Persian)
  29. Tabary, M., Mojibi, T., & Khorshidi, S. (2002). Public Policy Process: A Comprehensive Approach. Savalan Publishing, 89-110. (In Persian)
  30. (OTA) Office of Technology Assessment (1994). Assessing the Potential for Civil-Military Integration, Washington D.C., U.S. Government Printing Office.
  31. Sabatier, P. A. (2007). Theories of the Policy Process. Boulder, co:Westview Press.
  32. Walsh, A. (2011). Chinas Defence Innovation System,Making the Wheels Spin, Francis Policy Brief, 23(1), 31.
  33. Wioeniewski, R. (2012). Defence Industry In The European Union– Challenges and Opportunities In Times of Economic Crisis. Przeglad Strategiczny Journal, 2(2), 115-140.
Public Administration Perspective
Volume 10, Issue 4 - Serial Number 40
2020
Pages 121-148